What is PKPlus™?

PKPlus is an optional GastroPlus add-on module for rapidly estimating pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters for noncompartmental (NCA) and 1-, 2-, & 3-compartment models from IV and/or oral plasma concentration-time (Cp-time) data. PKPlus is able to fit the compartmental pharmacokinetic models to:

-          single IV or oral Cp-time data

-          multiple IV or oral Cp-time data

-          combination of multiple IV and oral Cp-time data

Linear or nonlinear (saturable) PK models can be selected.

PKPlus Data Analysis:
• PK parameters can be calculated for single or multiple Cp-time datasets.



With PKPlus, you can:
• Estimate PK parameters for noncompartmental (NCA) and 1-, 2-, & 3-compartment models

• Estimate bioavailability for oral dose when fitting across a combination of oral and IV doses

• Estimate the absorption lag time for oral doses

• Include individual body weights in the fitting for Cp-time datasets obtained in different populations

• View Cp (observed & predicted) vs. time, log Cp vs. time, and residual plots
• Examine and save output to a file
• Export PK parameters directly to GastroPlus

PKPlus output includes:
• Summary of input data, search method, and weighting scheme
• Parameters from noncompartmental analysis: e.g. CL, Vss, AUC, AUMC, MRT (if fitting across multiple Cp-time data sets, noncompartmental analysis results are reported for each data set separately)
• 1-compartment parameters: e.g. CL, Vd, MRT
• 2-compartment parameters: e.g. CL, Vc, K12, K21, MRT
• 3-compartment parameters: e.g. CL, Vc, K12, K21, K13, K31, MRT

• Average first order absorption rate constant for oral Cp-time data

• Bioavailability and lag time for oral data (if selected by user)

• Goodness of fit (explained R^₂) & information criteria (Akaike, Schwarz)
• Table of Cp predictions and observations

• Graph of Cp predictions and observations (you can now fully format graphs; plotted data and/or the graph image can be copied and pasted into another application, e.g., Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel, etc...)

For further information about licensing PKPlus, please contact:

Mr. John DiBella
Director, Marketing & Sales
661-723-7723 ext. 244
john.dibella@simulations-plus.com